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About Indio, CA:

Indio is a city in Riverside County, California, United States, located in the Coachella Valley of Southern California's desert region. It lies 26 miles (42 km) east of Palm Springs, 70 miles (113 km) east of Riverside, 83 miles (134 km) east of San Bernardino, and 125 miles (201 km) east of Los Angeles. The population was 49,116 at the 2000 census. The word Indio is Spanish for Indian. Indio was once referred to as "the Hub of the Valley", the city Chamber of Commerce jingle in the 1970s.

History of the City of Indio

The town was laid out in 1894 by A.G. Tingman, a Southern Pacific Railroad construction boss. Tingman was also Fundio's first storekeeper and postmaster. Millionaire land owner and railroad tycoon Henry E. Huntington of Los Angeles jointly funded the town site. A previous small "gulch" in the 1880s known as Indian Wells was in the current day intersection of Bliss Avenue and Fargo Street, founded in the site where a Cahuilla Indian village Tekwit was due to proximity to natural Artesian water wells.

Indio was chosen as a railroad stop because it was the halfway point between Los Angeles and Yuma, Arizona. Tingman Avenue—once downtown Indio's main street—was named in Tingman's honor. Tingman Avenue was removed in the early 1960s during the construction of a highway overpass on Jackson Street designed to eliminate a railroad grade crossing and traffic congestion along Indio Boulevard (old Highway 99). Another over-the-track bridge, Auto Center (now Golf Center) Drive, an extension of State Route 111 opened in 1977, and the Monroe Street bridge opened in 1989.

Today, the Southern Pacific's successor, the Union Pacific Railroad maintains that original rail corridor as the main transcontinental line between Los Angeles and New Orleans, Louisiana, but the large train switching yard that brought Indio growth over the years is gone, moved to Colton several years ago, and also the coming of U.S. Route 99 in 1926 contributed to Indio's growth. Once California's main north-south highway, US 99 was decommissioned in 1964. Its present-day replacements are State Route 111, State Route 86 and Interstate 10. However, locals still used Indio Blvd., declared "Historic Route US 99" in 2001 as a major traffic artery. The historic route is part of Indio's "East Valley renaissance" of renewed economic growth and expanding tourism.

The original 1903 railroad station, a two-story wooden structure unique to the Southern Pacific, burned to the ground in 1966. Some of the station's artifacts were salvaged, and can be viewed at the Coachella Valley Historic Museum and Cultural Center in downtown Indio. The Southern Pacific rail depot is east of Jackson Street on 45th Avenue, but the railroad's regional headquarters moved to Colton near San Bernardino, California in 1990.

The city had unemployment rates (in some cases over 20 percent) in the late 20th century, but the rate in 2006 was under 5 percent after the local economy rebounded when more affluent new residents moved in.

The aforementioned present-day Indio Boulevard was the site of the world's first use of a painted line to delineate lanes of traffic in 1915. This innovation was spearheaded by Dr. June McCarroll for whom a stretch of Interstate 10 through the city is named. Interstate 10 was constructed in the mid-1970s when Indio was smaller, so the route bypasses the city, reducing traffic downtown. As a result, business activity declined in the 1980s and 1990s. Today, Indio is growing and developing the area along I-10; more drivers notice the city, and can take an off-ramp to downtown Indio.

The site of the Coachella Valley Historic Museum and Cultural Center was the home of Dr. Reynaldo Carreon. Dr. Carreon, the area's first doctor, opened a hospital in 1933. The hospital was later torn down for the Larson Justice Center, a county courthouse and prison. The Carreon ranch was given to John Nobles and his wife, Miranda in the 1930s. They established a mostly black residential area known as "Nobles Ranch" (on the original site of the Indio Polo Club). When John Nobles died in the 1940s the land was given to his granddaughter Eva Strickland, but sold a few years later and his home was demolished in 1994 to make way for a shopping center; however in 2004 a statue was built in his honor.

Indio Geography

Indio is located at 33°43′12″N 116°13′55″W / 33.72°N 116.23194°W (33.719871, -116.231889). According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 69.2 square kilometers (27 sq mi). 69.1 km² (27 sq mi) of it is land and 0.04% is water.

The telephone area code is 760 (it was 714 and 619 in the past, but Indio and the Coachella Valley are expected to have a new area code by 2009). The city's Zip codes are 92201 and 92203 north of Interstate 10. About 3 miles (5 km) north and east of Indio is the San Andreas Fault, a major tectonic plate boundary of the Pacific and North American plates.

Indio has the Riverside county's eastern branch offices, because Indio was historically the main population center of the Coachella valley, except when Palm Springs had more people from 1955 to 1992, when the US census announced Indio surpassed Palm Springs and that title was returned to them. The official elevation of Indio is below sea level; the city hall is 14 feet (4 m) below sea level, as the Eastern half of the Coachella valley drops as low as 150 feet (50 m) below sea level (the lake shore of the Salton Sea is 15 miles (24 km) South of Indio).

Indio Climate

Indio has a desert climate (Köppen climate classification BWh). It has an average 335 days of sunshine, and total of 156 days of high temperatures over 100 °F (38 °C).

Indio Demographics

Census	Pop.	%±
1930	1,854	—
1940	2,296	23.8%
1950	5,530	140.9%
1960	9,745	76.2%
1970	14,459	48.4%
1980	21,611	49.5%
1990	36,793	70.3%
2000	49,116	33.5%
Est. 2007	83,937	70.9%

As of the census of 2000, there were 49,116 people, 13,871 households, and 11,069 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,840.3 people per square mile (710.5/km²). There were 16,909 housing units at an average density of 633.6/sq mi (244.6/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 44.4% White, 2.77% Black, 1.04% Native American, 1.51% Asian American, 0.10% Pacific Islander, 42.02% from other races, and 3.89% from two or more races. 65.7% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 13,871 households out of which 48.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.9% were married couples living together, 16.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 20.2% were non-families. 16.0% of all households were made up of individuals and 7.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.48 and the average family size was 3.88.

In the city the population was spread out with 35.3% under the age of 18, 11.1% from 18 to 24, 29.4% from 25 to 44, 15.2% from 45 to 64, and 9.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 27 years. For every 100 females there were 101.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 98.8 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $34,624, and the median income for a family was $35,564. Males had a median income of $25,651 versus $21,093 for females. The per capita income for the city was $13,525. About 16.8% of families and 21.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 28.2% of those under age 18 and 12.0% of those age 65 or over.

In the past quarter a century (from 1984 to 2008), Indio has grown many times its previous size. It is often said Indio and the surrounding area is the fastest growing region in both California and the nation. Indio handles unprecedented growth for being a select area of choice for thousands of new residents per year, an estimated 25 new residents are added per day.

Expected to have 5,000 new single family homes and 1,000 apartment units by the year 2012, the city may well have over 100,000 residents for the next US census count in 2010. City leaders and other locals are expanding city public services, including recreation activities, commercial retail centers and industrial complexes.

Indio, CA External Links of Interest